To start search use the -Search (-s) key:
-Search
-s
Search query to execute should be provided in the -SearchQuery (-sq) parameter:
-SearchQuery "search query"
-sq "search query"
Example:
WinCatalog.exe –o "d:\my collection.w3cat" –s -sq "*.jpg"
Start WinCatalog, open the collection file "d:\my collection.w3cat", open Search tab, find items (files, folders, etc) matching the "*.jpg" search query (without quotes).